Nine state-owned mining, metal and building firms in Cuba have been hit by a fresh round of sanctions by the United States.

Also in the list are the Ministry of Construction and officials connected to a Cuban-based international institute.

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio claims the figures targeted by the sanctions are part of the regime’s approach of exporting Marxism, racial resentment and Communist violence.

The latest sanctions follow an operation at the Miami International Airport last weekend in which several American citizens returning from Cuba were briefly detained.

They had been participating in events marking Castro’s birthday.

Senior Cuban figures across the energy, financial and defence sectors are already subject to US sanctions.

Cuba has denounced the sanctions, which are part of a wider pressure campaign against the Caribbean island’s leadership.